Improvement in permutation-locks



Patented April 7,1874.

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UNITED ,STATES PATENT Orrrcn I JOSEPH LOOH AND JOSEF STANEK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPRovEMl-:NT'IN PERMuATloN-Locxs.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 149,490, dated April 7, 1874; application filed March 19, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOSEPH LOGH and JOSEF STANEK, boul 0f the city, county, and

` versely to the spindle in the plane w x, Fig. 3.

Fig. 2 is a 4similar section in the plane y y, Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a vertical central section in a plane at right angles to the previous sections, showing the parts in the locked position. Fig. 4 is a similar section of the same, showing the stop-plate depressed, so as to leave the lock in a condition to beopened. The remainingfigures are details which will be referred to as the description progresses.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

This invention consists in a barrel which carries a series of radial slides with adjustable stops, in combination with a stop-plate for the latch, which, when depressed against the slidecarrying barrel, engages with the radial slides and allows of setting the stops of said slides for various combinations. The slides arepushed out and the stop plate is depressed 'by the action of noses formed on the circumference of a ratchet-sleeve which is acted upon by a pawl secured in a compound ring, and on the spindle is mounted a notched disk or tumbler with a nose on its inner surface which serves to depress the compound ring and the ratchet-sleeve under proper circumstances, and if the stops of the radial slides are so adjusted that the stopplate can be forced back out of the way of the latch, the latch drops in gear with the tumbler and the bolt can. be turned. The adjustable stops of the radial slides are set by means of a cap, which can be made to act on the stopplate and to cover the tumbler, so that by the action of the ratchet-sleeve the desired stops can be set, the latch being prevented by the cap from engaging with the tumbler.

In the drawing, the letter A designates a case, which is, by preference, made of cast-iron in a cylindrical form, and which s intended to be iirmly secured to the inner surface of the door of a safe or other device to be locked. From the inner surface of the head B of this case projects a hub, a, which is 4bored out to receive thespindle b, to the outer end of which is secured a handle, G, and disk D. On the face of this disk are marked a series of gures or characters, which serve to form the various combinations for which the locking -mechanism can be adjusted, and said disk fits into a cavity on the edge of which is made a distinct mark, c, Fig. 3 and 4, the object of which willbe presently explained. Round the hub a extends'an annular projection, d, the outer surface of which forms the bearing for the bolt E, while its inner surface forms the bearing for the hub vof a barrel, F, that contains a series of radial slides,

e. The inner ends of these slides are beveled off, and they project beyond the inner surface of the barrel, so that by pressing against these beveled edges the slides are forcedy outward. A rim, f, on the barrel pre-vents the slides from being pushed out beyond the desired limit. In the face of the barrel F is a circular groove, g, which extends down so as to expose a portion of each of the radial` slides, and onv each of these slides is :fitted a stop, h, which is connected to its slide by a spring-catch, i, so that if said stop is not retained, and the slide is moved, the stop will move with it, but if the Vstop is retained, the slide can be moved without said stop. From the barrel F projects two pins, jj, which form the guides for the stopplate Gan d this stop-plate is provided with a v rim, k, that nts the circular groove g in the barrel. In this groove, between the slidese, are placed two or more springs for the purpose of forcing the stop-plate out, and for preventing the Vrim 7c from entering the groove g accidentally. When the stop-plate is depressed into the groove g, and one or more of the slides are pushed out, the stops h of these slides are retained by the rim 7c of the stop-plate while the slides move outward, and if the stop-plate is permitted to recede, and the slides previously moved out are pushed back to-th'eir original position, the stops of said slides come opposite the groove g in the barrel, and the stopplate cannot be depressed until the same slides are again pushed out. The mechanismfor mov.- ing the slides outward and for depressing the c near its inner edges.

stop-plate consists chiefly of a sleeve, l, which is fitted on the hub a and subjected to the action of a spring, m, that has a tendency to force the same away from the head B. On the outer edge of this sleeve are formed ratchet-teeth, which correspond in number and position to the radial slides and to the gures or characters on the disk D. This sleeve is feathered 0n the hub a, and from its surface proj ect three noses, n o o, one below, near its outer, and two The nose a is beveled outward and the noses o o inward, and if the barrel F is turned to such a position that the beveled end of one of the slides e comes opposite and under the nose a, (which position is yreached whenever one of the figures or characters on the disk Dcomes opposite the fixed mark 0,) and if the sleeve is then depressed the slide 'opposite to said nose is forced out. The noses o o are intended to act on projections p p on the inner surface of the stop-plate G, and whenever the said stop-plate is brought in the proper position, (indicated by a mark, g, Fig. 4, on the disk D, and the fixed mark c,) and the sleeve is depressed, the stop-plate is carried down, provided the slides e are so adjusted that said stop-plate can be depressed. The projections p p on the stop-plate are situated opposite to two spaces between two of the slides e, and the mark g on the disk D is placed between two of the indicating iigures or characters, (see Fig. 4,) so that when the noses o o of the ratchet-sleeve are in position to engage with the projections p p of the stop-plate, and said ratchet-sleeve is depressed, its 'nose n will not actuate any of the slides c. With the ratchet-sleeve'l is combined a compound ring, r, which turns freely on the hub a, and which is provided on 'its inner surface with a pawl, y s, (see Fig. 5,) that engages with the teeth of the ratchet sleeve whenever said ring is moved in one direction, but when the motion of thc ring is in the opposite direction said pawl slides over the ratchet-teeth, and a certain click is produced, which assists in adjusting the mechanism in the correct position. As previously stated, the number and position of teeth on the ratchet-sleeve correspond to that of the figures and marks on the disk D, an intermediate tooth,.t, Fig. 6, being provided, which corresponds `inposition to the mark q on said disk. The ring r is composed of two parts, r ro', one of which is iitted into the other and connected thereto, so that it can make a partial revolution. Both parts of the ring are provided with recesses, and, if the inner part ro is turned,the recess in the outer part can be covered or uncovered. The motion of the ring r is governed by a nose, t, on the inner surface of the tumbler H, which is secured on the end of the spindle b, and which turns with said spindle in either direction, a key, fw, being inserted into a recess ofthe spindle and of the hub of said tumbler to prevent the latter from turning independently of the spindle. When the spindle is turned in one direction, the nose v of thev tumbler engages with the recess in the inner part ro of the ring r and turns said inner part so as to uncover the recess in the outer part of the ring r; then the nose engages with this recess by the action of the spring m against the ratchet-sleeve l, and the ring is turned so as to cause its pawl, s, to slide over the teeth of the ratchet-sleeve and to produce a clicking noise whenever one of the gures or marks on the disk Dcomes opposite the fixed mark c.' If the motion of the spindle is reversed immediately after the clicking noise has been heard, the nose fu rides up on the surface of the compound ring, and the ring, together with the ratchet-sleeve, are depressed, carrying the stop-plate G outward, provided the slides are in the proper position to allow of such motion. In theturnbler is a notch, y, and from the bolt E projects a pimm,

on which is mounted loosely the latch I. If.

this latch rides on the peripheries of the tumbler and of the stop-plate, which are of equal diameter, its head bears against a projection, z, on the case A, and the bolt remains locked opposite the aperture a.' in said case, so that the lock-bolt J, Figs. l and 2, cannot be moved Y back and the door cannot be unlocked; but, if the stop-plate is forced outward, as previously described, and the tumbler isturned so as to bring its' notch, y, opposite to the latch,

the latch drops in gear with the tumbler, and

the bolt E can be turned away from the aperture a. In order to unlock, therefore, it is necessary to adjust all the slides e in such a position that the stop-plate can be carried outward out of the way of the latch so as to allow said latch to engage with the tumbler. The slides e are adjusted for any desired figure, or combination of figures, by means of a cap, K, which is connected to the tumbler H by pins b fitting loosely into holes in said tumbler, and so situated that when the cap is forced outward the pins strike the edge of the hub c of the stop-plate and carry the rim of said stop-plate into the groove ofthe barrel F. The outside diameter of the cap is equal to that of the tumbler, so that when the cap is forced in against the tumbler it covers the notch y and prevents the latch from engaging with the tumbler. A key,L, introduced through the removable head M of the case A, serves to depress the cap, and to hold it depressed, until the mechanism is set to the desired combination. When the cap is thus depressed, and the spindle is turned in such a direction, indicated by arrow l in Fig. 2, that the pawl V of the tumbler slides over the teeth of thc ratchet-sleeve, a click is produced whenever one of the marks on the disk D comes opposite the iiXed mark c. If this motion is immediately arrested when the figure 4 of the disk, for instance, is opposite the Xed mark, and if the motion of the spindle is then reversed, the slide 4 is pushed out, its stop being retained by the stop-plate. If the cap is then released by removing the key L, it is forced back by the action of the springs in the groove g of the barrel, so that it does not the stop-plate.

interfere any more with the motion of the latch. The slide 4 is then forced back by turning the spindle in the direction of arrow 1, Fig. 2. By this motion pins d', which project from the inner surface of the tumbler, are brought in contact with theYguide-pins j of the stop-plate, and the barrel isgcaused to turnV so that a pin, e', projectingv from it will strike a toe,. f', on a cam-disk, g', which is mounted loosely on the pivot of the latch, being retained in position simply by a friction-sprin g. By this motion the cam-disk g is turned to the position shown in Fig. 2, and, as the motion y of the barrel continues, all the slides which have been forced out are thrown back. The stop of slide 4, the position of which has been changed, as above described, is thereby brought opposite the groove gin the barrel, and the stop-plate cannot be depressed,I and, consequently, the lock cannot be opened until the slide 4 is again pushed out. If two or more of the stops have been thus disturbed, the corresponding slides must be pushed out before the lock can be opened. For the purposeV of restoring the stop of slide 4, or of any other slide which has been disturbed, this slide is moved out; then the stop-plate is depressed by the key L and cap K, and by .turning the barrel F in the direction of arrow l the slide is pushed back, while the stop is retained by W'henV the barrel F is turned in the direction of arrow 2, Fig. 1, the pin e throws the cam-disk g in the position shown in this figure, and the slides which may have been pushed out can pass freely.

What we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

` 1. The combination of a series of radial slides in a revolving barrel, each slide carry-v ing an adjustable stop, with a stop-plate, G, a device for depressing said stop-plate and vfor moving the radial slides, and with a latch for moving the bolt, all constructed and operating substantially as shown' and described.

2. The combination of a ratchet-sleeve and compound ring, substantially such as herein described, with a tumbler,H,having on its under surface a nose, '0, and with the stop-plate Gr, and slide-carrying barrel F, all constructed and operating substantially in the manner set forth.

3. The combination of the cap K with the tumbler H, ratchet-sleeve l, compound ring r, stop-plate G, and slide-carrying barrel F, all constructed and operating substantially in the manner shown and described. d l

4. The arrangement of a key, fw, having a screw-thread on its outer surface and fitting in a groove in the spindle b and in a recess in the hub of the tumbler H, said spindle being provided with a screw-thread to receive a nut for fastening the tumbler and the key in position, substantially as set forth.

Josnrn Loon. Josnr sTANEK.

Witnesses:

W. HAUFF, E. F. KASTENHUBER. 

